Echinocereus Engelmann 1848a:91. 

Echinocereus acifer var. trichacanthus Hort. ex Hildmann 1891:44.
 TL: unknown
Echinocereus acifer var. tubiflorus Rischer in Blum et al. 1998:409-410.
  TL: Mexico, Zacactecas - Durango border, San Juan Capistran, Rischer 
  017, April 1990 (ZSS AX 17983).
Cereus acinaciformis* Steudel 1841:333 pro syn.
  = Echinocereus cinerascens.
Cereus acinaciformis* Hort. Berol. ex Salm-Dyck 1845:27 pro syn. 
  = Echinocereus cinerascens.
Cereus aciniformis* Otto 1833:336 nom. nud. 
  = Echinocereus cinerascens var. crassior [According to 
  Pfeiffer 1837:101].
Cereus aciniformis* Hort. Berol. ex Pfeiffer 1837:101 pro syn. 
  = Echinocereus cinerascens var. crassior.
Echinocereus adustus Engelmann 1848a:104.
 TL: Chihuahua, Cosihuiriachi, 1900m, Wislizenus, 1846. (MO).
    Synonyms:
      Cereus adustus (Engelmann) Engelmann 1849:50.
      Echinocereus pectinatus var. adustus (Engelmann) Daul 1890:78.
      Echinocereus pectinatus fa. adustus (Engelmann) Voss 1894:378.
      Echinocereus pectinatus var. adustus* Schumann 1897:271.
      Echinocereus caespitosus var. adustus (Engelmann)
        Engelmann ex Borg 1937:174.
          Note: Echinocereus radians and Echinocereus rufispinus are usually
          considered synonyms of this species.
Cereus adustus var. radians (Engelmann) Engelmann 1849:50 = Echinocereus radians.
Echinocereus adustus  subsp. roemerianus W.Rischer, Echinocereenfreund 16(2): 44 (42-50; figs.). 2003
       TL: Canatlan, MX, R. C. Roemer 6066714 (UNAM)  
Echinocereus adustus var. schwarzii (Lau) Taylor 1985a:268 = Echinocereus schwarzii.
Echinocereus adustus ssp. schwarzii (Lau) Taylor 1997:8  = Echinocereus schwarzii.
Echinocereus adustus var. schwarzii fa. madrensis* Parker 1996:6.nom. nud. 
  = Echinocereus madrensis.
Echinocereus adustus var. schwarzii fa. radians* Parker 1996:6.  nom. nud. 
  = Echinocereus radians.
Echinocereus adustus var. schwarzii fa. rufispinus* Parker 1996:6. nom. nud. 
  = Echinocereus rufispinus.
Echinocereus aggregatus* Rydberg 1906:146 nom. illegit. 
  = Mammillaria aggregata* Engelmann 1848b:157. nom. prov. 
  = Mammillaria aggregata Engelmann ex  Watson 1878:398.
  [Rydberg used this name instead of Echinocereus coccineus].
  see Echinocereus coccineus ssp. aggregatus.
Echinocereus aguirrei* Glass 1965:160 nom. nud.  [a form of Echinocereus pulchellus].
Echinocereus albatus* Backeberg 1960:2007-2008 nom. inval. (no type designated).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus albispinus* Hort. ex Backeberg 1960:2007 pro syn.
      Echinocereus longisetus var. albatus* Sterk 1980:12-13 nom. inval.
       Note:Usually considered a synonym of Echinocereus nivosus.
Echinocereus albiflorus Weingart 1933:156.
 TL: Mexico, Chihuahua, Halbinger (?).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus fendleri var. albiflorus (Weingart)
        Backeberg 1960:2047.
      Echinocereus fendleri fa. albiflorus* Parker 1996: 2 nom. nud.
         Note: Backeberg 1960:2047 and Bravo 1991:70 erroneously 
          list Echinocereus abbeae as a synonym of this species. 
          Taylor (1985b) lists this species as a synonym of Echinocereus fendleri.
Echinocereus albiflorus* Lowry 1937:20 nom. nud. 
  [Probably a white flowering form of Echinocereus enneacanthus].
Echinocereus albispinus Lahman 1935:143.
 TL: Oklahoma, Medicine Park, Lahman (MO).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus baileyi var. albispinus (Lahman) Backeberg 1941:4.
      Echinocereus longispinus var. albispinus* Backeberg 1960:2010.
      Echinocereus reichenbachii var. albispinus (Lahman) Benson 1969b:127.
      Echinocereus reichenbachii var. baileyi fa. albispinus* Mesa Garden Seed
          Catalog 1996 nom. nud.
          Note: The name Echinocereus reichenbachii var. albispinus is used for
          Echinocereus baileyi by Benson (1969b:127). Taylor (1985b) lists this
          species as a synonym of Echinocereus reichenbachii var. baileyi.
Echinocereus albispinus* Hort. ex Backeberg 1960:2007 pro syn.
    = Echinocereus albatus.
Echinocereus amoenus (Dietrich) Weber ex Haage 1892:116.
  = Echinopsis amoena Dietrich 1844:187-188.
    TL: Mexico, Hidalgo, near San Mateo 7500 ft., Ehrenberg (?).
      Synonyms:
        Echinopsis pulchella var.flore kermesina* Haage ex Förster1846:364. pro syn.
        Echinopsis pulchella var. amoena (Dietrich) Förster 1846:364.
        Echinopsis pulchella var. rosea* Labouret 1853:292. pro syn.
        Cereus amoenus (Dietrich) Hemsley 1880:540.
        Echinocereus pulchellus var. amoenus (Dietrich)Förster ex 
          Schumann 1897:253.
        Echinocereus pulchellus ssp. amoenus (Dietrich)Blum 1997 Seed 
          list. nom. nud.
            Note: Echinocereus amoenus is usually attributed to Schumann 1894:185.
            Taylor (1989:75) notes that the plant usually known in cultivation as
            "Echinocereus amoenus" is instead a form of Echinocereus weinbergii.
Echinocereus amoenus var. aguirre* Zehnter & Künzler Catalog nom. nud. 
   = Echinocereus aguirrei*.
Echinocereus angusticeps Clover 1935:79.
  TL: Texas, Hidalgo Co., Linn , Clover 15261 (MICH).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus papillosus var. angusticeps (Clover) Marshall & Bock 1941:119.
      Echinocereus blanckii var. angusticeps (Clover) Benson 1969b:260.
      Echinocereus berlandieri var. angusticeps (Clover)Benson 1976:59.
      Echinocereus papillosus ssp. angusticeps* Blum 1997 Seed List nom. nud.
          Note: Benson uses the names Echinocereus blanckii var. angusticeps and
          Echinocereus berlandieri var. angusticeps for Echinocereus papillosus.
Echinocereus anneacanthus* Daul 1890:73.
 TL: unknown
Echinocereus apachensis Blum & Rutow in Blum et al. 1998:101.
  TL: Arizona,Maricopa Co. Fish Creek, Mc Kelvey 735, 18 Feb. 1929 
    (US 1532949).
Echinocereus arizonicus Rose ex Orcutt 1926:3.
 TL: Arizona, Boundary Monument between Pinal & Gila Counties,
  4700 ft., C. R. Orcutt, July 1922 (NY).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. arizonicus (Rose ex Orcutt)
        Benson 1969a:21.
      Echinocereus coccineus var. arizonicus (Rose ex Orcutt)
        Ferguson 1989:221.
Echinocereus arizonicus ssp. matudae (Bravo) Rutow in Lange & Rutow 1994:51
   = Echinocereus matudae.
Echinocereus arizonicus ssp. nigrihorridispinus Blum & Rutow in Blum et al.
    1998:370-371.
    TL: New Mexico, Luna Co., HK 1054 (ZSS AX 17982).
Echinocereus armatus (Poselger) Poselger ex Backeberg & 
  Knuth 1935:318 
    = Echinocereus pectinatus var. armatus.
*Echinocereus arrojadei Löfgren 
  [from Brazil and therefor not an Echinocereus].
Echinocereus australis* Hort. ex Backeberg 1960:2045 pro syn. 
  = Echinocereus fendleri.
Echinocereus baileyi Rose 1909b:403.
 TL: Oklahoma, Wichita Mtns., V. Bailey, Aug. 1906 (US 53167).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus reichenbachii var. baileyi (Rose) Taylor 1985b:133.
      Echinocereus reichenbachii ssp. baileyi (Rose) Taylor 1997:9.
          Note: The name Echinocereus reichenbachii var. albispinus is used for
          this species by Benson (1969b:127 ).
Echinocereus baileyi var. albispinus (Lahman) Backeberg 1941:4
    = Echinocereus albispinus Lahman.
Echinocereus baileyi var. brunispinus Backeberg 1941:4.
 TL: Oklahoma, Wichita Mtns.
    Note: Backeberg 1960:2010 lists Echinocereus longispinus and Echinocereus
     oklahomensis as synonyms of this variety.
Echinocereus baileyi var. caespiticus* Backeberg 1960:2011 nom. inval.
     (no type designated).
Echinocereus baileyi var. flavidispinus Backeberg 1941:4.
 TL: Oklahoma, Wichita Mtns.
Echinocereus baileyi var. roseispinus Backeberg 1941:4.
 TL: Oklahoma, Wichita Mtns.
Echinocereus barcelona* Orcutt 1926:4 nom. nud.
Echinocereus barcena* Rebut ex Hirscht 1896:126 nom. nud.
Echinocereus barcena Fobe 1911:56.
 TL: unknown [from central Mexico according to Borg 1937:178].
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus parkeri fa. barcena* Parker 1996:3 nom. nud. 
Echinocereus barcena* Rebut ex Berger 1929 nom. illegit.  (later homonym) [Perhaps
     = Echinocereus barcena Fobe].
Echinocereus barkeanus* Heyer 1989:25 nom. nud. [ = Lau 1101].
     = Echinocereus rayonesensis.
Echinocereus barthelowanus Britton & Rose 1922:41.
 TL: Baja California,Isla Magdalena, Santa Maria Bay, J. N. Rose,
  18 March 1911 (US 16278).
Echinocereus bergeanus* Haage 1900:156 nom. nud.
Echinocereus berlandianus* Orcutt 1926:3  error in spelling for Echinocereus berlandieri.
Echinocereus berlandieri (Engelmann) Haage 1859:19.
  = Cereus berlandieri Engelmann 1856:286.   [fuller description Engelmann 1859:38, t.58].
    TL: Texas, Nueces River, Berlandier 2423, April 1834 (MO).
      Synonyms:
        Echinocereus blankii* Hort. ex Palmer 1865:92 pro syn.
        Echinocereus blanckii var. berlandieri (Engelmann) Backeberg 1960:1999.
            Note: Echinocereus poselgerianus is usually considered a synonym of this species.
            This species is often erroneously treated as a synonym of Echinocereus blanckii.
Echinocereus berlandieri var. angusticeps (Clover) Benson 1976:59 
     = Echinocereus angusticeps.
Echinocereus berlandieri var. blanckii* Fournier 1935:21 nom. illegit.
     = Echinocereus blanckii.
Echinocereus berlandieri var. longispinus* Hort. ex Schelle 1926: 163 nom. nud.
Echinocereus berlandieri var. papillosus (Linke ex Rümpler) Benson 1976:59
     = Echinocereus papillosus.
Echinocereus berlandieri var. poselgerianus (Linke) Lode 1992:17
     = Echinocereus poselgerianus.
*Echinocereus bertinii = Austrocactus bertinii.
*Echinocereus bicolor  Galeotti = error in spelling for Echinocactus bicolor.
Cereus bigelovii* Engelmann 1857: t. 4 nom. nud. = Echinocereus mojavensis.
Cereus bigelovii var. zuniensis* Engelmann 1857: t. 4 nom. nud.
     = Echinocereus mojavensis var. zuniensis.
Echinocereus blanckii (Poselger) Poselger ex Rümpler 1885:779.
  = Cereus blanckii Poselger 1853:134.
    TL:Mexico, Tamaulipas, near Camargo, Poselger (?).
      Synonyms:
        Echinocereus berlandieri var. blanckii* Fournier 1935:21 nom. illegit.
            Note: Taylor (1985b) lists this species as a synonym of Echinocereus
            enneacanthus var. brevispinus. This name has been errroneously applied
            to Echinocereus berlandieri.
Echinocereus blanckii var. angusticeps (Clover) Benson 1969b:260
     = Echinocereus angusticeps.
    Note: This is the name Benson uses for Echinocereus papillosus.
Echinocereus blanckii var. berlandieri (Engelmann) Backeberg 1960:1999
     = Echinocereus berlandieri.
Echinocereus blanckii var.inermis* Heyer 1989:26 pro syn.
     = Echinocereus moricallii.
Echinocereus blanckii var. leonensis (Mathsson) Backeberg 1960:1999
     = Echinocereus leonensis.
Echinocereus blanckii var. papillosus (Linke ex Rümpler) Benson 1969d:126
     = Echinocereus papillosus.
Echinocereus blanckii var. poselgerianus (Linke) Backeberg 1960:1999
     = Echinocereus poselgerianus.
Echinocereus blankii* Hort. ex Palmer 1865:92 pro syn.
     = Echinocereus berlandieri.
Echinocereus bolansis* Runge ex Haage 1892:117 pro syn.
      = Echinocereus conglomeratus.
*Echinocereus boliviensis Poselger ex Schumann 1897:290.
  [from Bolivia and therefor not an Echinocereus].
Echinocereus bonatzii Römer 1995:98-113.
  TL: Durango, Sierra Mezquital, H. J. Bonatz 12388 (ZSS).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus pamanesiorum ssp. bonatzii (Römer) Römer 1997:45.
Echinocereus bonkerae Thornber & Bonker 1932:71-73, 85.
 TL: Arizona, Pinal Mtns. near Oracle, Thornber & Bonker   (ARIZ 156240).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus fendleri var. bonkerae (Thornber & Bonker) Benson 1944:260.
      Echinocereus boyce-thompsonii var. bonkerae (Thornber & Bonker)  Peebles 1949:191-192 .
      Echinocereus fasciculatus var. bonkerae (Thornber & Bonker)  Benson 1969a:21.
     Echinocereus engelmannii var. bonkerae* Mesa Garden Seed Catalog 1996. nom. nud.
      Echinocereus fasciculatus ssp. bonkerae  (Thornber & Bonker) Taylor 1997:8. 
Echinocereus boyce-thompsonii Orcutt 1926:4.
 TL: Arizona, Boyce-Thompson Arboretum, Orcutt (?).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus fendleri var. boyce-thompsonii (Orcutt) Benson 1944:260.
      Echinocereus fasciculatus var. boyce-thompsonii (Orcutt) Benson 1969a:22.
      Echinocereus engelmannii var. boyce-thompsonii* Mesa Garden Seed Catalog 1996 nom. nud.
      Echinocereus fasciculatus ssp. boyce-thompsonii (Orcutt) Taylor 1997:8.
Echinocereus boyce-thompsonii var. bonkerae (Thornber & Bonker) Peebles 1949:191-192
     = Echinocereus bonkerae.
Echinocereus brandegeei (Coulter) Coulter ex Schumann 1897:290.
  = Cereus brandegeei Coulter 1896:389.
    TL: Baja California, between El Campo Aleman & San Gregorio, T.S. Brandegee, 1889 (UC).
      Note: Echinocereus mamillatus and Echinocereus sanborgianus are usually
      considered synonyms of this species.
Echinocereus brandegeei  fa. mamillatus* Parker 1996:1 nom. nud.
     = Echinocereus mamillatus.
Echinocereus brandegeei  var. sanborgianus* Lode 1994: no. 1272 nom. inval.
     = Echinocereus sanborgianus.
Echinocereus brandegeei  fa. sanborgianus* Parker 1996:1 nom. nud. 
     = Echinocereus sanborgianus.
Echinocereus brenbergii* Lowry 1933:410 nom. nud.
Echinocereus bristolii Marshall 1938:160-161.
 TL: Sonora, Soyopa, 5000 ft., Bristol & Marshall, 1934 (DS 251175).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus pectinatus var. bristolii (Marshall) Marshall 1956b:81.
Echinocereus bristolii ssp. floresii (Backeberg) Blum & Lange in Blum et al. 1998:353. 
     = Echinocereus floresii.
Echinocereus bristolii var. pseudopectinatus Taylor 1985b:120
     [see Echinocereus pseudopectinatus].
Echinocereus caespitosus (Engelmann) Engelmann 1848a:110.
  = Cereus caespitosus Engelmann 1845:247.
    TL: Texas, Austin Co., Near Cat Springs, Lindheimer, 
    June 1845 (MO).
      Synonyms:
        Cereus caespitosus var. minor* Engelmann 1856:280[Based on
          same type as Echinocereus caespitosus].
        Echinocereus pectinatus var. caespitosus (Engelmann) Schumann 1897:272.
        Echinocereus caespitosus var. minor* Engelmann ex Weniger 1970:22 nom. inval.
        Echinocereus reichenbachii fa. caespitosus* Parker 1996:5 nom. nud.
        Echinocereus reichenbachii var. caespitosus* Mesa Garden Seed Catalog 1996 nom. nud.
        Echinocereus reichenbachii ssp. caespitosus (Engelmann) Blum & Lange in Blum et al. 1998:324.
            Note: Echinocereus caespitosus is usually treated as a synonym of Echinocereus reichenbachii.
Echinocereus caespitosus var. adustus (Engelmann) Engelmann ex Borg 1937:174.
     = Echinocereus adustus.
Echinocereus caespitosus var. armatus (Poselger) Poselger ex Borg 1937:174
     = Echinocereus pectinatus var. armatus.
Echinocereus caespitosus var. candicans* Hort. ex Borg 1937:174 pro syn.
     = Echinocereus reichenbachii.
Echinocereus caespitosus var. castaneus (Engelmann) Engelmann ex Rümpler 1885:811.
    = Cereus caespitosus var. castaneus Engelmann 1850:203.
      TL: Texas, Granitic region of the Llano, Lindheimer, 1847 (MO).
        Synonyms:
          Cereus reichenbachii var. castaneus (Engelmann) Labouret 1853:319.
          Echinocereus pectinatus var. castaneus (Engelmann) Daul 1890:78.
          Echinocereus castaneus (Engelmann) Orcutt 1926:3.
          Echinocereus pectinatus var. jamauvei *Fric ex Orcutt 1926:4 pro syn.
          Echinocereus pectinatus var. adustus fa. castaneus (Engelmann) Engelmann ex Schelle 1926:174.
          Echinocereus pectinatus fa. castaneus (Engelmann) Krainz 1967:50.
Echinocereus caespitosus var. chrysacanthus (Schumann) Schumann ex Borg 1937:174 
    = Echinocereus pectinatus var. chrysacanthus.
Echinocereus caespitosus var. major (Engelmann) Engelmann ex Rümpler 1885:811.
    = Cereus caespitosus var. major Engelmann 1856:280.
      TL: Texas, New Braunfels, Lindheimer, 1851(MO).
Echinocereus caespitosus var. minor* Engelmann ex Weniger 1970:22 nom. inval.
    = Cereus caespitosus var. minor* Engelmann 1856:280new name for Echinocereus
       caespitosus var. caespitosus.
Echinocereus caespitosus var. perbellus* Weniger 1970:23 nom. inval. (no basionym given)
    = Echinocereus perbellus.
Echinocereus caespitosus var. purpureus* Weniger 1970:23 nom. inval. (no basionym given) 
    = Echinocereus purpureus.
Echinocereus caespitosus var. reichenbachii* Ters. ex Borg 1937:174 nom. illegit.
    = Echinocereus reichenbachii.
Echinocereus caespitosus var. rubescens* Hort. ex Borg 1951:221 nom. inval (no Latin diagnosis).
Echinocereus caespitosus var. rufispinus (Schumann) Schumann ex Borg 1951:221 
    = Echinocereus pectinatus var. rufispinus.
Echinocereus caespitosus var. tamaulipensis (Fric) Fric ex  Borg 1937:174 
     = Echinocereus pectinatus var. tamaulipensis.
*Echinocereus candicans Rümpler 1885 = Echinopsis candicans.
*Echinocereus candicans var. tenuispinus = Echinopsis candicans
Echinocereus candicans* Rünge ex Haage 1859:19 pro syn.
     = Echinocereus pectinatus var. rigidissimus.
Echinocereus canyonensis Clover & Jotter 1941:417-418.
 TL: Arizona, Coconino Co., Bass Cable, Grande Canyon, Clover & Jotter 2317 (MICH).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus coccineus ssp. canyonensis* Blum 1997 Seed List nom. nud.
          Note: Taylor (1985b) lists this species as a synonym of Echinocereus triglochidiatus
          var. melanacanthus.
Echinocereus carmenensis Blum, Lange & Scherer in Blum et al. 1998:221.
  TL:Mexico, Coahuila, Sierra del Carmen, SB 1476 (ZSS A 17986).
Echinocereus carnosus Rümpler 1885:796-797.
 TL: Texas
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus enneacanthus var. carnosus (Rümpler) Schelle 1907:127.
      Echinocereus enneacanthus var. brevispinus fa. carnosus* Parker 1996:2 nom. nud.
Echinocereus castaneus* Engelmann ex Haage 1859:19nom. nud.
Echinocereus castaneus (Engelmann) Orcutt 1926:3 = Echinocereus caespitosus  var. castaneus.
*Echinocereus centralis Rose = Echinomastus centralis.
Echinocereus cereiformis* Auct. ? (Kakteenkunde 1935:1) nom. inval. (no Latin diagnosis).
    Note: Taylor (1985b) lists this name as a synonym of Echinocereus berlandieri.
Echinocereus cernosus* Fric 1929:24 nom. nud.  [Probably = Echinocereus pectinatus].
Echinocereus chihuahuensis* Shields 1961:4. nom. inval. (no Latin diagnosis)
*Echinocereus chiloensis = Echinopsis chiloensis.
Echinocereus chisoensis Marshall 1940:15.
 TL: Texas, Chisos Mtns., F. Radley, 10 Apr. 1939 (DS 263216).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus reichenbachii var. chisoensis (Marshall) Benson 1969d:127.
Echinocereus chisoensis var. fobeanus (Oehme) Taylor 1985a:261= Echinocereus fobeanus.
Echinocereus chisoensis var. metornii* Parker 1996:5 nom. nud. = Echinocereus metornii.
Echinocereus chloranthus (Engelmann) Haage 1859:19.
  = Cereus chloranthus Engelmann 1856:278-279. [fuller description Engelmann 1859:29].
    TL: Texas, stony hills near Frontera [El Paso], Wright 95, 2 Apr.
    1852 (MO 2016809).
      Synonyms:
        Echinocereus viridiflorus var. chloranthus (Engelmann) Backeberg 1960:2015.
        Echinocereus viridiflorus fa. chloranthus (Engelmann) Krainz 1967:51.
        Echinocereus viridiflorus ssp. chloranthus (Engelmann) Taylor 1997:10. 
            Note: Usually listed as Echinocereus chloranthus Engelmann ex Rümpler 1885:814.
Echinocereus chloranthus var. albispinus* Fric 1924:121 nom. nud.
Echinocereus chloranthus var. cylindricus (Engelmann) Taylor 1984:169
      = Echinocereus viridiflorus var. cylindricus.
Echinocereus chloranthus ssp. cylindricus Blum & Lange in Blum et al. 1998: 205. 
    = Echinocereus viridiflorus var. cylindricus.
Echinocereus chloranthus var. flaviflorus* Hort. nom. nud.
Echinocereus chloranthus var. flavispininus* Ito 1952:133 nom. inval (no Latin diagnosis).
Echinocereus chloranthus var. longisetus* Hort. nom. nud.
Echinocereus chloranthus var. livermorensis*  Kolle 1978:34 nom inval.
     = Echinocereus viridiflorus var. weedinii.
Echinocereus chloranthus var. milleri* Höchstätter Seed List 1997 nom. nud.
     [See Echinocereus milleri*].
Echinocereus chloranthus var. neocapillus Weniger 1969:39-41.
 TL: Texas, 5 to 10 miles south of Marathon, Weniger 711 (UNM).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus viridiflorus var. neocapillus (Weniger) Leuck 1980:35-36.
      Echinocereus russanthus var. neocapillus* Mesa Garden Seed Catalog 1996 nom. nud.
      Echinocereus neocapillus Blum & Lange in Blum et al. 1998:219. 
Echinocereus chloranthus var. rhyolithensis  Blum & Lange in Blum et al. 1998:208.
    TL: New Mexico, Sierra County, Lake Valley,  Pierce 110,  1961 (UNM).
Echinocereus chloranthus var. roseiflorus* Ito 1981.(according to Evanich 1989:103) nom. nud.
Echinocereus chloranthus var. russanthus (Weniger) Lamb ex Rowley 1974a:7
      = Echinocereus russanthus.
Echinocereus chloranthus var. senilis* Fric 1924:121 nom. nud.
Echinocereus chloranthus var. vulpis-cauda* Chudleigh 1967:43 nom. nud.  
     [Probably = Echinocereus russanthus].
Echinocereus chloranthus ssp. weedinii* Höchstätter Seed List 1997 nom. nud. 
     [See Echinocereus viridiflorus var. weedinii].
Echinocereus chlorophthalmus (Hooker) Britton & Rose 1913:242.
  = Echinocactus chlorophthalmus Hooker 1848:t. 4373.
    TL: Mexico, Hidalgo, Real del Monte.
      Synonyms:
        Echinocereus cinerascens fa. chlorophthalmus* Parker 1996:2 nom. nud.
            Note: This species is often considered a synonym of Echinocereus cinerascens.
Echinocereus chrysocentrus (Engelmann & Bigelow) Orcutt 1926:4
      = Echinocereus engelmannii var. chrysocentrus.
Echinocereus cinerascens* Engelmann  ex  Haage 1859:19 nom. nud. 
     [Probably = Echinocereus cinerascens].
Echinocereus cinerascens* Lemaire 1868:56 nom. nud. 
     [Probably = Echinocereus cinerascens].
Echinocereus cinerascens (De Candolle) De Candolle ex 
  Rümpler 1885:786.
    = Cereus cinerascens De Candolle 1828:116.
      TL: Mexico, Zimapan, Coulter 23 (?).
        Synonyms:
          Cereus acinaciformis* Steudel 1841:333 pro syn.
          Cereus acinaciformis* Hort. Berol. ex Salm-Dyck 1845:27 pro syn.
          Echinocereus deppei*(Salm-Dyck) Schumann 1895:123 pro syn.
          Echinocereus undulatus*Hildmann ex Schumann 1895:124 pro syn.
              Note: Cereus deppei, Echinocereus cirrhiferus and Echinocereus glycimorphus 
              are usually considered synonyms of Echinocereus cinerascens.
Echinocereus cinerascens var. caesius* Hort. ex Schelle 1926:169 nom. nud.
Echinocereus cinerascens fa. chlorophthalmus* Parker 1996:2 nom. nud. 
      = Echinocereus chlorophtahlmus
Echinocereus cinerascens var. crassior (De Candolle) De Candolle ex Rümpler 1885:786-787.
    = Cereus cinerascens var. crassior De Candolle 1828:116.
      TL: Mexico, Zimapan, Coulter (?).
        Synonyms:
          Cereus aciniformis* Otto 1833:336 nom. nud.
          Cereus aciniformis* Hort. Berol. ex Pfeiffer 1837:101 pro syn. 
Echinocereus cinerascens var. ehrenbergii (Pfeiffer) Bravo 1974:47 
      = Echinocereus ehrenbergii.
Echinocereus cinerascens ssp. ehrenbergii (Pfeiffer)Blum & Rutow in Blum et al. 1998:140-141. 
      = Echinocereus ehrenbergii.
Cereus cinerascens var. fendleri (Engelmann) Bois 1928:371
     = Echinocereus fendleri.
Echinocereus cinerascens fa. glycimorphus* Parker 1996:2 nom. nud.
     = Echinocereus glycimorphus.
Echinocereus cinerascens var. schmidtii* Haage 1859:19 nom. nud.
Echinocereus cinerascens var. septentrionalis Taylor 1988:68-69.
 TL: Mexico, San Luis Potosi, Entronque Huizache, Taylor 281, 10
  July 1986 (MEXU).
Echinocereus cinerascens  ssp. septentrionalis Taylor 1997:8
     = Echinocereus cinerascens var. septentrionalis .
Echinocereus cinerascens fa. spinibarbis* Parker 1996:2 nom. nud. 
     = Echinocereus spinibarbis* Hildmann[not Salm-Dyck].
Echinocereus cinerascens var. tenuior (De Candolle) De Candolle ex Rümpler 1885:776.
    = Cereus cinerascens var. tenuior De Candolle 1828:116.
      TL: Mexico, Zimapan, Coulter (?).
Echinocereus cinerascens var. tulensis Taylor 1988:69 = Echinocereus tulensis.
Echinocereus cinerascens ssp. tulensis  (Bravo) Taylor 1997:8 = Echinocereus tulensis.
     = Echinocereus tulensis.
*Echinocereus cinnabarinus = Echinopsis cinnabarina.
Echinocereus cirrhiferus* Engelmann ex Haage 1859:19 nom. nud. 
Echinocereus cirrhiferus (Labouret) Labouret ex Rümpler 1885:778. 
  = Cereus cirrhiferus Labouret 1853:311.
    TL: Mexico.
      Note: Usually considered a synonym of Echinocereus cinerascens.
*Echinocereus clavatus  = Eridisia spiniflora.
Echinocereus claviformis* Haage 1859:19. nom. nud.
Echinocereus claviformis (Regel & Klein) Haage 1893:22
  = Cereus claviformis Regel & Klein 1860:46.
    TL: Mexico, Karwinsky ( ? ).
Echinocereus coccineus Engelmann 1848a:93.
 TL: New Mexico, Wolf Creek, Wislizenus,24 June 1846 (MO).
    Synonyms:
      Cereus coccineus (Engelmann) Engelmann 1849:51 nom. illegit. 
           [not Cereus coccineus Salm- Dyck 1828].
      Echinocereus phoeniceus* Engelmann ex Rümpler 1885:788 nom. illegit.
          = Cereus phoeniceus Engelmann 1856:284.
      Echinocereus melanacanthus* Engelmann ex Earl 1963:61 printing error.
      Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. coccineus (Engelmann) Engelmann ex Marshall & Bock 1941:117.
          Note: Benson uses the name Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. melanacanthus for this species.
Echinocereus coccineus ssp. aggregatus Blum, Lange & Rutow in Blum et al. 1998:428.
    = Mammillaria aggregata* Engelmann ex Watson 1878:398. pro syn.
      TL: Headwaters of the Gila, 6,000 ft. Emory,18 Oct. 1846 (?) 
        = Mammillaria aggregata* Engelmann 1848b:157. nom. prov. 
        [See Echinocereus aggregatus].
Echinocereus coccineus var. arizonicus (Orcutt) Ferguson 1989:221
     = Echinocereus arizonicus.
Echinocereus coccineus var. arizonicus fa. matudae* Parker 1996:4 nom. nud. 
    = Echinocereus matudae.
Echinocereus coccineus ssp. canyonensis* Blum 1997 Seed List nom. nud. 
    = Echinocereus canyonensis.
Echinocereus coccineus var. conoideus* Weniger 1970:42 nom. inval.  (no basionym given) 
    = Echinocereus conoideus.
Cereus coccineus var. cylindricus Engelmann 1849:51.
 TL: New Mexico, Mtns. near Santa Fe, Fendler, 17 Sept. 1846 (MO).
    Note: This plant is usually considered as a synonym of Echinocereus coccineus var.
    coccineus and has never been recombined with the name Echinocereus.
Echinocereus coccineus var. gurneyi (Benson) Heil & Brack 1988:26
     = Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. gurneyi.
Echinocereus coccineus ssp. gurneyi* Blum 1997 Seed List nom. nud.
      = Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. gurneyi .
Echinocereus coccineus fa. hexaedrus* Parker 1996:4 nom. nud.
     = Echinocereus hexaedrus.
Echinocereus coccineus var. inermis (Schumann) Purpus 1925:49.
  = Echinocereus phoeniceus var. inermis Schumann 1896a:150.
    TL: Colorado, Mesa Grande, Tongue Creek, C. A. Purpus (?).
      Synonyms:
        Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. inermis (Schumann) Arp  1973:132-133.
        Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. mojavensis fa. inermis  (Schumann) Ferguson 1989:219.
        Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. melanacanthus fa. inermis* Alabaster 1994:105 nom. inval.
        Echinocereus coccineus var. mojavensis fa. inermis* Parker 1996:4 nom. nud.
        Echinocereus mojavensis fa. inermis* Mesa Garden Seed Catalog 1996 nom. nud.
        Echinocereus triglochidiatus ssp. mojavensis fa. inermis Blum in Blum et al. 1998:365.
Echinocereus coccineus var. kunzei (Gürke) Backeberg 1960:2070
     = Echinocereus kunzei.
Cereus coccineus var. melanacanthus Engelmann 1849:51.
 TL: New Mexico, Santa Fe, Fendler, 26 Nov. 1846 (MO).
    Synonyms:
      Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. melanacanthus (Engelmann)
        Benson 1944:254.
          Note:This is the name Benson applies to Echinocereus coccineus.
Echinocereus coccineus fa. lloydii* Parker 1996:4 nom. nud.
     = Echinocereus lloydii.
Echinocereus coccineus var. mojavensis* Parker 1996:4 nom. nud.
     = Echinocereus mojavensis.
Echinocereus coccineus ssp. mojavensis (Engelmann & Bigelow) Taylor 1997:8
     = Echinocereus mojavensis.
Echinocereus coccineus var. mojavensis fa. inermis* Parker 1996:4 nom. nud. 
     = Echinocereus coccineus var. inermis.
Echinocereus coccineus var. neomexicanus* Parker 1996:4 nom. nud.
     = Echinocereus neomexicanus.
Echinocereus coccineus var. neomexicanus fa. rosei* Parker  1996:4 nom. nud.  
     = Echinocereus rosei.
Echinocereus coccineus var. nudum* Auct ? (CSJ 35:194) nom. nud.
Echinocereus coccineus var. octacanthus* Boissevain & Davidson 1940:39 nom. illegit.  
     = Echinocereus octacantus.
Echinocereus coccineus var. paucispinus (Engelmann) Ferguson 1989:222
     = Echinocereus paucispinus.
Echinocereus coccineus ssp. paucispinus Blum, Lange & Rutow inBlum et al. 1998:433. 
    = Echinocereus paucispinus.
Echinocereus coccineus fa. roemeri* Parker 1996:4 nom. nud.
     = Echinocereus roemeri.
Echinocereus coccineus ssp. roemeri Blum, Lange & Rutow in Blum et al. 1998:426.
     = Echinocereus roemeri.
Echinocereus coccineus fa. rosei* Blum 1990:13. nom. inval. (no basionym given).  
     = Echinocereus rosei.
Echinocereus coccineus ssp. rosei Blum & Rutow in Blum et al. 1998:426.
     = Echinocereus rosei.
Cereus concolor Schott1857:ii .
 TL: Texas, Pecos County, Escondido Springs 
    [Apparently some form of Echinocereus viridiflorus or  Echinocereus chloranthus that
    has never been formally transfered to the genus Echinocereus].
Echinocereus congestispinus*  Engelmann exHaage 1859:19 nom. nud.
Echinocereus congestispinus*  Förster exSeitz 1870:10 nom. nud.
Echinocereus conglomeratus* Förster exSeitz 1870:10 nom. nud.
Echinocereus conglomeratus Blanc 1890:56.
  TL: Nuevo Leon, Rinconada, Mathsson, 24 Sept. 1889 (?)[according
   to Schumann 1897:278].
     Synonyms:
       Echinocereus bolansis* Runge ex Haage 1892:117 pro syn.
       Cereus conglomeratus (Blanc) Berger 1905:81.
       Echinocereus enneacanthus var. conglomeratus (Blanc) Benson 1974:80.
       Echinocereus stramineus var. conglomeratus (Blanc) Bravo1974:47.
       Echinocereus stramineus fa. conglomeratus* Parker 1996:3 nom. nud.
           Note: This is usually listed as Echinocereus conglomeratus Förster ex Schumann 1897:278.
Echinocereus conglomeratus var. robustior* Haage 1892:117 nom. nud.
Echinocereus conoideus (Engelmann & Bigelow) Engelmann ex 
  Rümpler 1885:807.
    = Cereus conoideus Engelmann & Bigelow in Engelmann 1856:284.
       [fuller description Engelmann 1857:35].
      TL: New Mexico, Anton Chico, J. M. Bigelow, 24 Sept. 1853 (MO).
        Synonyms:
          Cereus phoeniceus ssp. conoideus (Engelmann & Bigelow) Engelmann 1857:37.
          Echinocereus phoeniceus* var. conoideus Schumann 1896:150.
          Echinocereus coccineus var. conoideus* Weniger 1970:42 nom. inval.
              Note: This species is usually treated as a synonym of  Echinocereus coccineus.
Echinocereus cowperi* Hort ex  Blum et al. 1998:208 pro syn. Echinocereus
     chloranthus ssp. rhyolithensis.
Echinocereus crispatus* Mathsson 1890:464 nom. nud.