Echinocereus bonkerae J. J. THORNBER & F. BONKER subsp. apachensis (W. BLUM & J. RUTOW) A. ZIMMERMAN
Baker et al.: – Chromosome numbers of some cacti of the Western North America. – Haseltonia 15 (VII): 120 (2009)

Holotypus
USA, Arizona, Maricopa County, Apache Trail, near Fish Creek, Mc Kelvey 735, 18. February 1929 [US 1532949]

Synonyme
Echinocereus apachensis
Echinocereus boyce-thompsonii

Etymologie
Echinocereus = Igelsäulenkaktus
apachensis = benannt nach Vorkommen am Apache Trail

Originaltext der Umkombination (2009) im Auszug
The diploid chromosome number indicates that the well-known Fish Creek phenotype of Echinocereus is not part of the widespread tetraploid E. engelmannii. Echinocereus bonkerae ssp apachensis differs from typical E. bonkerae in spininess (mostly its spectacularly greater central spine length). Intermediate spine forms (highly variable) are seen in the Sierra Ancha (including one of the chromosome vouchers cited herein), the Mazatzal Mountains, and in the mountains between Globe and Superior. Subspecies apachensis is relatively xeromorphic (tall, seriously spiny plants at the lower altitudinal limits of the species). Nominate subspecies bonkerae grows as compact clumps of shorter stems having short spines, in chaparral and windswept grasslands at mostly higher altitudes. Blum and others (1998: 101) claim differences in color of style and filaments, but these are too variable. A slight difference in reported testa cell shape likewise appears inconsistent. Both subspecies of this relictual diploid species, endemic to central Arizona, are marginally sympatric with the widespread tetraploid species, E. engelmannii sensu lato. Subspecies apachensis is widely mislabeled with the epithet “boyce-thompsonii” apparently beginning with misidentifications by Lyman Benson. The real boyce-thompsonii is a synonym of E. engelmannii ssp fasciculatus.

Morphologische Merkmale (eigene Untersuchungen)
Pflanzenkörper säulig, gruppenbildend, Triebhöhe bis 40 cm, Triebdurchmesser bis 5 cm. Epidermis grün. Rippenzahl 12-19. Wurzeln faserig verzweigt. Areolen rund. Randdornen 12 bis 16. Mitteldornen 1-3. Blüte trichterförmig, dunkelviolett, bis 6 cm lang, bis 6 cm im Durchmesser. Frucht oval bis rund, rotbraun. Fruchtfleisch weiß, Samen schwarz.

Standort
USA, Arizona, Maricopa County, Apache Trail in 700 bis 850 m Höhe in Strauchwüste. pH Wert: 5,0. Blütezeit am Standort: April bis Mai, Blütezeit in Kultur: April bis Mai.

Begleitvegetation
Calochortus kennedy, Carnegia gigantea, Cylindropuntia spec., Dudleaya saxora subsp. collomiae, Echinocereus engelmannii subsp. fasciculatus, Ferocactus spec., Foquieria splendens, Mammillaria spec., Opuntia spec.

Feldnummern
BW074, Wolfgang Blum
BW086, Wolfgang Blum
BW335, Wolfgang Blum
DFM0263, Dieter Felix
DFM0516, Dieter Felix
MH149, Miroslav Halfar

Herbarbelege Privatherbarium Martina & Andreas Ohr (HMAO)
HMAO-001-0055, Privatherbarium Martina & Andreas Ohr
HMAO-001-0095, Privatherbarium Martina & Andreas Ohr
HMAO-002-0349, Privatherbarium Martina & Andreas Ohr
HMAO-002-0350, Privatherbarium Martina & Andreas Ohr
HMAO-002-0351, Privatherbarium Martina & Andreas Ohr
HMAO-002-0352, Privatherbarium Martina & Andreas Ohr
HMAO-003-0197, Privatherbarium Martina & Andreas Ohr
HMAO-003-0215, Privatherbarium Martina & Andreas Ohr

Herbarbelege Universitäten
ASU0076564, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076565, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076566, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076567, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076568, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076569, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076570, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076571, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076572, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076573, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076574, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076575, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076576, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076577, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076579, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076580, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076581, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
ASU0076582, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
DES00044051, Desert Botanical Garden Herbarium Collection
DES00066213, Desert Botanical Garden Herbarium Collection
GH00247417, The Gray Herbarium
US01532949, United States National Herbarium
US00171835, United States National Herbarium
US00171850, United States National Herbarium
US00171892, United States National Herbarium
US01083463, United States National Herbarium
US01083464, United States National Herbarium

Empfehlenswerte Literatur
BLUM, W., LANGE, M., RISCHER, W. & RUTOW, J. (1998): Echinocereus. – Selbstverlag J. Rutow, Aachen

Standortbilder